The lesser saphenous vein was mobilized for grafting. Following the surgery, the patient complained of a loss of cutaneous sensation at the distal posterolateral side of the leg, lateral side of the foot and small toe. What nerve was damaged during the operation? common fibular (peroneal) saphenous superficial fibular (peroneal) sural tibial
Competency of venous valves in a patient with severe crural varicose veins was tested as follows: The superficial veins were emptied by elevating the limb and then they were compressed with a band just below the saphenous opening in the proximal thigh. When the patient quickly stood up, filling of the superficial veins took more than 30 seconds. The delayed filling of the superficial veins demonstrates that the valves of the: deep (central) veins are competent deep (central) veins are incompetent perforating veins are competent perforating veins are incompetent superificial veins are competent
A needle biopsy of the sural nerve resulted in the formation of a hematoma. Which of the following veins closely adjacent to the nerve was accidently injured? accessory saphenous femoral greater saphenous lesser saphenous superficial external pudendal
The distal part of the lesser saphenous vein was mobilized for grafting. Following the operation, the patient complained of numbness (loss of cutaneous sensation) on the distal lateral side of the leg and the lateral side of the foot. What nerve was damaged during the operation? Deep fibular (peroneal) Posterior femoral cutaneous Saphenous Superficial fibular (peroneal) Sural
During recovery from a gunshot wound of the right pelvis, the patient notices a lurch in his gait. When he lifts his left foot off of the ground, his pelvis dips down on the left side. The nerve that appears to have been injured is the:
nerve to piriformis nerve to obturator internus sciatic nerve femoral nerve superior gluteal nerve
The team doctor tells a football player that he has "a pulled hamstring" muscle. This results from a tearing of the origin of a hamstring muscle from the:
sacrum posterior gluteal line ischial tuberosity obturator membrane iliac tubercle
If the head of the femur is dislocated postero-medially, compression of which nerve is likely to result?
Femoral Lumbosacral trunk Obturator Sciatic Superior gluteal
What muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Gluteus minimus Obturator internus Piriformis Quadratus femoris Superior gemellus
In order to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve, intramuscular injections should be given in which quadrant of the buttock?
upper medial upper lateral lower medial lower lateral middle
The femoral artery enters the popliteal fossa (becoming the popliteal artery)
by passing through the:
Adductor hiatus Femoral canal Femoral sheath Femoral triangle Saphenous opening
The short head of biceps femoris muscle is innervated by which nerve?
Common fibular Femoral Inferior gluteal Obturator Tibial
As a patient with paralyzed gluteus medius and minimus muscles on the left side attempts to stand on the left limb only, the right side of the pelvis typically:
Drops Elevates Rotates laterally Rotates medially Thrusts forward
When the femur is fractured, the broken distal end often turns posteriorly to enter the popliteal fossa due to muscle traction. Because of its position deepest in the fossa, which structure is most vulnerable to laceration?
Common fibular n. Lesser saphenous v. Popliteal a. Popliteal v. Tibial n.
The deep femoral artery is the principle blood source for the muscles in which compartment of the thigh?
Anterior Lateral (gluteal) Medial (adductor) Posterior (hamstring)
After suffering a deep stab wound in the medial upper quadrant of the right buttock, an emergency
room patient found walking to be very difficult. The basic problem was that, during stepping, her left
hip sagged down as soon as the left foot was lifted off the ground to swing forward. What nerve was
damaged?
Femoral Inferior gluteal Obturator Pudendal Superior gluteal
A fracture of the ischial tuberosity might be expected to most directly affect the muscles that produce
which lower limb movement?
Abduction at the hip Adduction at the hip Extension at the knee Flexion at the hip Flexion at the knee
When, in approximately 12% of people, the common fibular nerve passes through the piriformis muscle, the nerve may be compressed. This would affect part of which muscle?
Adductor magnus Biceps femoris Gluteus maximus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Tests by her doctor reveal weakness in extension at her hip, but no change in hip flexion, or flexion or extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely not functioning properly.
Adductor magnus Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Iliopsoas Semitendinosus
Weakness in climbing stairs or jumping would indicate a lesion of which nerve?
Tibial Superior gluteal Inferior gluteal Obturator Femoral
During surgical repair of a popliteal artery aneurism, ligation of the femoral artery at mid-thigh would not interrupt supply to the hamstring muscles because the
Genicular anastomosis ensures blood supply to the posterior thigh Cruciate anastomosis ensures blood supply to the posterior thigh Perforating branches of the deep femoral artery supply the posterior thigh Obturator artery supplies the posterior thigh Anterior and posterior femoral circumflex arteries anastomose with the inferior gluteal artery
The medial thigh muscles rotate the femur medially, counterbalanced by muscles of the _____________ thigh, including the ___________ muscle, which rotates the femur laterally.
Lateral; tensor fasciae latae Anterior; rectus femoris Lateral; piriformis Posterior; biceps femoris Posterior; quadriceps femoris
Following a major operation, a patient was placed on a course of antibiotics which were delivered via intramuscular injection to the buttocks. After one injection in the right buttock, the patient complained of more pain than usual in the region of the injection. Later, as he was walking in the hall, the nurse noticed that he had a limp that had not been present before--his left hip dropped every time he lifted his left foot off the floor. Which nerve had been injured by the injection?
Femoral Inferior gluteal Obturator Sciatic Superior gluteal
The hamstrings muscles are supplied by branches of which artery?
Deep femoral Fibular Obturator Pudendal Superficial femoral
Of the branches of the internal iliac artery, the one exiting from the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis muscle is the:
Iliolumbar artery Internal pudendal artery Lateral sacral artery Superior gluteal artery
Because of its muscle attachments, a fracture to the ischial tuberosity would affect which movement of the lower limb?
Abduction of the thigh Dorsiflexion of the foot Extension of the leg Flexion of the leg Flexion of the thigh
When the distal femur is fractured, the sharp broken ends of the bone often damage the structure that lies closest to the femur in the popliteal fossa, i.e., the:
Descending genicular artery Greater saphenous vein Popliteal artery Popliteal vein Sciatic nerve
In a hunting accident, an arrow pierces the mid-calf of a hunter. A major artery is lacerated in the posterior leg, and you notice that the sole of his foot is cold and pale. The dorsum of the foot is warm and normally colored. The artery that seems to be injured is the:
fibular artery posterior tibial artery femoral artery popliteal artery medial plantar artery
A patient complains of localized pain in a swollen lower calf and cannot strongly plantar flex his foot. What tendon may have ruptured?
calcaneal fibularis tertius flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus tibialis anterior
A tennis player feels a "pop" in her calf as she is playing. Her calf becomes tender and there is some slight amount of swelling. Upon examination, her physician informs her that she has ruptured the slender tendon of a small muscle that attaches to the calcaneus. She has apparently ruptured the:
gastrocnemius plantaris popliteus soleus tibialis posterior
A football player tears his calcaneal tendon. You would expect to find weakness in:
dorsifiexion of the foot eversion of the foot extension of the knee inversion of the foot plantarflexion of the foot
While on vacation in Florida following her final exams, a scuba diving medical student is accidentally speared by her diving partner. The end of the spear passes medial to lateral, posterior to the medial malleolus. It severs an artery there, which is the:
anterior tibial dorsalis pedis fibular medial plantar posterior tibial
A patient with painful swelling in the distal calf cannot plantar flex at the ankle with any power. Which tendon was likely ruptured?
Calcaneal Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Plantaris Tibialis anterior