Review Items - Anterior Triangle of the Neck

Landmarks and osteology:

Skull

Mastoid process (N 4,8,13, TG 7-04A, 7-05A)
Mandible (N 15, TG 7-04A)

Mental protuberance (N 2,15, TG 7-03)

Inferior border of mandible (N 15, TG 7-04A)

Angle of the mandible (N 15, TG 7-04A)
Sternum (N 1, 185)

Jugular notch (TG 7-01)
Visceral skeleton (N 28,29,77, TG 7-01, 7-09)

Hyoid bone

Thyroid cartilage

     Laryngeal prominence

Cricoid cartilage

Trachea

Cervical triangles: (N 28, TG 7-02A, 7-02B)

Anterior

Muscular

Carotid

Submandibular

Submental
Posterior

Subclavian (omoclavicular)

Occipital

Deep cervical fascia: (N 35A,35B, TG 7-10, 7-11)

Superficial (investing) layer of deep cervical fascia
Infrahyoid (muscular) fascia
Visceral fascia (pretracheal & buccopharyngeal)
Carotid sheath
Prevertebral fascia

Muscles:

Platysma m. (N 26, TG 7-11, 7-16)
Sternocleidomastoid m. (N 27,28, TG 7-12, 7-16)
Infrahyoid (strap) mm. (N 28,29,31, TG 7-12, 7-13)

Sternohyoid m.

Omohyoid m. (superior & inferior bellies)

Sternothyroid m.

Thyrohyoid m.
Cricothyroid m. (and median ligament) (N 31,74,77, TG 7-13, 7-19)

Nerves:

Cervical plexus

Cutaneous nn. (N 24,31,32,129, TG 7-11, 7-16A, 7-16B)

     Lesser occipital n.

     Great auricular n.

     Transverse cervical n.

     Supraclavicular nn.

Motor nn. (N 36,135, TG 7-12, 7-13)

     Ansa cervicalis

          Superior & inferior roots
Cervical branch of facial n. (CN VII) (N 29,51, TG 7-11, 7-30)
Vagus n. (X) (N 132, TG 7-14)

Superior laryngeal n. (N 78,79,80, TG 7-14, 7-20)

     External br. (N 74,75,76, TG 7-14, 7-20, 7-26)

     Internal br. (N 67,74,75,76, TG 7-14, 7-20, 7-26)

Recurrent laryngeal n. (N 74,75,76, TG 7-14, 7-26)
Hypoglossal n. (XII) (N 32 ,71,128, TG 7-13, 7-18)

Vessels:

Superficial vv.

External jugular v. (N 31,74, TG 7-11)

Anterior jugular v. (N 31,74, TG 7-11)

Communicating v. (N 31,74, TG 7-11)

Jugular venous arch (N 256, TG 7-11)
Common & external carotid aa. (N 31,32,33,34, TG 7-19, 7-71)
Superior & inferior thyroid aa. & vv. (N 74,75,76, TG 7-13, 7-14)
Internal jugular v. (N 31, TG 7-13)
Middle thyroid v. (N 74, TG 7-13)
Superior laryngeal a. (N 74,76, TG 7-13)

Thyroid gland: (N 74, TG 7-13, 7-14)

Lobes
Isthmus
Pyramidal lobe

Parathyroid glands (N 75, TG 7-14)

Miscellaneous:

Thyrohyoid membrane (N 77, TG 7-14)
Tracheoesophageal groove (N 76, TG 7-20)
Deep cervical lymph nodes (N 72, TG 7-74)

Clinical Terms:

Goiter
Tracheostomy
Cricothyrotomy
Thyroidectomy
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Torticollis