After ramming the point of his shoulder into a practice dummy, a football player suffered a severe shoulder separation. Although this is a dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint, several structures could be torn, including the one that gives the joint its greatest strength and stability, namely the:
Acromioclavicular ligament Coracoacromial ligament Coracoclavicular ligament Supraspinatus tendon Tendon of the long head of biceps
While doing arthrography of the shoulder joint it was noted that the contrast material flowed into the subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa, along the tendon of the subscapularis and along the proximal part of the tendon of the long head of the biceps. The finding of contrast in which area was abnormal?
into the subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa along the tendon of the subscapularis along the proximal part of the tendon of the long head of the biceps
While performing an arthrogram to study an apparent rotator cuff injury, it was noted that the contrast material had spread from the shoulder joint onto the anterior lateral surface of the scapula near the joint. When asked, the first year resident responded that this was due to an anterior tear in the cuff. Having just studied the shoulder joint you respond that the contrast is in a normal extension of the joint cavity called the:
bicipital bursa. olecranon bursa. subacromial bursa. subscapular bursa. ulnar bursa.
Which muscle contributes to the "rotator cuff"?
Deltoid Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis Minor Supraspinatus Teres major
A patient presented to his physician with chronic shoulder pain. It was noted that when asked to abduct his arm, he initially leaned laterally, and then straightened up. When iodinated contrast was injected into his shoulder joint it was found to be in the subdeltoid bursa as well as in the joint cavity. Which structure was damaged to produce the shoulder pain?
Acromioclavicular ligament Long head of the biceps brachii muscle Subscapularis muscle Superior glenohumeral ligament Supraspinatus muscle
The axis of rotation (pronation/supination) at the distal radioulnar joint is through the:
Capitate bone Head of the radius Head of the ulna Styloid process of the radius Styloid process of the ulna
A two year old child will not go to take her nap. Her mother tightly holds her left hand as she leads her to the bedroom. Refusing to go further, the child suddenly attempts to jerk away and then sits down screaming and holding her left elbow. In a attempt to calm her down her mother offers her a cookie, but she cannot supinate her left hand to receive it. Which joint was dislocated?
the glenohumeral joint the humero-ulnar joint the humero-radial joint the proximal radio-ulnar joint the distal radio-ulnar joint
You are in the emergency room when a student is brought in with a shoulder injury sustained while playing touch football. In comparing the symmetry of his two shoulders, you notice a marked elevation of the distal end of his clavicle with respect to the acromion on the injured side. X-ray exam reveals a grade III shoulder separation. In order for this to have occurred, which ligament must be torn?
coracoacromial coracoclavicular costoclavicular superior glenohumeral transverse humeral
A 3-year-old child walking hand-in-hand with her father screams in pain as he jerks her quickly up onto the curb to dodge a speeding car. The examining physician calls it a case of "pulled elbow", a dislocation sometimes seen in young children and caused by:
The head of the radius slipping part way out of the annular ligament Tear of the common extensor tendon Stretching of the radioulnar interosseous membrane Tear of the ulnar collateral ligament
A "pulled elbow" in a young child results when the radial head is dislodged from the:
Annular ligament Insertion of biceps brachii Olecranon process Radial collateral ligament Ulnar collateral ligament
The shoulder is most often dislocated in which direction?
Anterior Inferior Posterior Superolateral Superomedial
It was determined that a football player tore his coracoclavicular ligament. This is an example of a:
Pulled elbow Rotator cuff tear Separated shoulder Dislocated shoulder Colles' fracture
A father and child are about to step off a curb to cross a street when a car suddenly turns around the corner. In panic the father yanks on the child's arm to pull him out of the way of the car. Safe on the curb, the child screams in pain and holds his elbow. The diagnosis is "pulled elbow;" the head of the radius has been pulled out of the socket holding it against the radial notch of the ulna. In order for the head of the radius to be dislocated in this way, what ligament must be stretched or torn?
Annular Glenoid labrum Interosseous Radial collateral Ulnar collateral
While walking to class on an icy winter morning, a student slips and falls on her outstretched hand. The intense pain forces her to go to the emergency room. After X-rays of her wrist are taken, the attending says," You were lucky, there is no Colles' nor scaphoid fractures, but you have dislocated the middle carpal bone of the proximal row." Which bone was dislocated?
Capitate Lunate Scaphoid Trapezoid Triquetrum
The fibrocartilaginous structure which deepens the shoulder socket is the:
Articular capsule Articular cartilage Glenoid labrum Lateral meniscus Superior glenohumeral ligament
The synovial cavity of the glenohumeral joint communicates with the subdeltoid (subacromial) bursa after the rupture of the:
Infraspinatus tendon Middle glenohumeral ligament Subscapularis tendon Supraspinatus tendon Long head of the biceps brachii tendon
The interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna is the uniting structure in a type of fibrous joint classified as a:
Suture Symphysis Synchondrosis Syndesmosis Synostosis
An example of a temporary cartilaginous joint is a/an:
articular disk. epiphyseal plate or growth plate. intervertebral disk. meniscus. primary ossification center.
Which joint would be subject to synovitis (inflammation of the synovial membrane)?
epiphyseal plate metacarpophalangeal pubic symphysis radioulnar syndesmosis suture
Which of the following structures is unique to a synovial joint?
Accessory ligaments Bursae Collateral ligaments Fibrocartilage Joint cavity
An athlete has a knee injury, and the doctor performs a "drawer test" by pulling and pushing on the leg with the knee flexed. If the leg translates anteriorly, i. e. "gives" or moves anteriorly when the leg is pulled anteriorly, what joint structure is most likely injured?
anterior cruciate ligament lateral collateral ligament medial collateral ligament medial meniscus posterior cruciate ligament
In an auto accident, the patient's knee strikes the dashboard which in turn pushes the head of the femur posteriorly out of its socket. Which ligament is most likely ruptured by this posterior dislocation?
iliofemoral ischiofemoral pubofemoral transverse acetabular
To test the integrity of the knee joint, a physician pulls anteriorly on the flexed leg of his patient. This "drawer" test is positive if the leg moves excessively anteriorward. This would indicate a weakness in or rupture of the:
medial meniscus posterior cruciate ligament fibular collateral ligament medial collateral ligament anterior cruciate ligament
One of the menisci of the knee is often injured in a sprain of the knee because the:
Anterior cruciate ligament is attached to the lateral meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament is attached to the medial meniscus Lateral collateral ligament is attached to the lateral meniscus Medial collateral ligament is attached to the medial meniscus Posterior cruciate ligament is attached to the lateral meniscus
A soldier developed "fallen arches" from marching with a heavy pack in boots that lacked arch support. The ligament that normally supports the head of the talus and is primarily responsible for holding up the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is the: calcaneometatarsal deltoid long plantar plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) short plantar
While water skiing in Florida following final exams, a medical student falls and twists her ankle. Her foot is forcibly everted, which could cause a sprain of which ligament?
Anterior talofibular Anterior tibiofibular Calcaneofibular Deltoid Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring ligament)
During the Orange Bowl, the national championship football game between Florida State and a team from a land-locked state, a player is blocked from behind during a kick-off return, injuring his medial collateral ligament. The team doctor tests his knee by pulling anteriorly on the leg with the knee flexed. If the leg translates (moves) forward significantly, this indicates damage to which structure?
Anterior cruciate ligament Lateral collateral ligament Medial meniscus Medial collateral ligament Posterior cruciate ligament
A young man involved in a head-on automobile collision had his flexed knee hit the dashboard of the car. He was later found to have a major instability of the knee, in that his tibia could be moved posteriorly relative to the femur. What ligament was likely damaged?
Lateral collateral ligament Deltoid Medial collateral ligament Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament
During a basketball game, the center of the team went up for a rebound and when coming down, her foot landed on the foot of another player, sharply everting it. She limped off the floor, having severely sprained the medial side of her ankle. Which ligament was injured?
Calcaneofibular Deltoid Short plantar ligament Plantar calcaneonavicular Tibial collateral ligament
Which ligament limits extension at the hip joint?
Iliofemoral Ligamentum capitis femorus Pubofemoral Zona orbicularis
In injuries of the knee, the medial meniscus is frequently torn because it is firmly attached to which structure?
Anterior cruciate ligament Fibular collateral ligament Tibial collateral ligament Patellar ligament Patellar retinaculum